NO.1 Imvelaphi yemitha yamanzi
Imitha yamanzi yavela eYurophu. Ngo-1825, i-Klaus yase-Bhritane yasungula imitha yamanzi e-tank yokulinganisa eneempawu zesixhobo sokwenyani, kwaza kwalandela ukubuyisela imitha enye yamanzi episton, ii-jet vane uhlobo lwemitha yamanzi kunye ne-helical vane uhlobo lwemitha yamanzi.
Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokuveliswa kweemitha zamanzi e-China kwaqala emva kwexesha. Ngo-1879, izityalo zokuqala zamanzi zaseChina zazalwa eLushunkou. Ngo-1883, oosomashishini base-Bhritane baseka isityalo samanzi sesibini eShanghai, kwaye iimitha zamanzi zaqala ukwaziswa e-China. Ngama-1990, uqoqosho lwaseTshayina luqhubekile nokukhula ngesantya esiphezulu, ishishini lemitha yamanzi nalo lakhula ngokukhawuleza, inani lamashishini kunye nemveliso iyonke iphindwe kabini, ngaxeshanye, iimitha zamanzi ezahlukeneyo ezikrelekrele, inkqubo yokufunda imitha yamanzi kunye nezinye iimveliso zaqala ukwenyuka.
Hayi. 2 Imitha yamanzi oomatshini kunye nemitha yamanzi ekrelekrele
Imitha yamanzi oomatshini
Imitha yamanzi oomatshini isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ngokuqhubekekayo, ngentloko kunye nokubonisa umthamo wamanzi ahamba ngombhobho wokulinganisa phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezilinganisiweyo. Isakhiwo esisiseko ikakhulu senziwemete umzimba, isicikoindlela yokubala, indlela yokubala, njl.
Imitha yamanzi oomatshini, ekwabizwa ngokuba yimitha yemveli yamanzi, luhlobo lweemitha zamanzi ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ngabasebenzisi. Ngobuchwephesha obuvuthiweyo, amaxabiso asezantsi kunye nokuchaneka kwemilinganiselo ephezulu, imitha yamanzi yoomatshini isesesikhundleni esibalulekileyo kukuthandwa okuxhaphakileyo kwemitha yamanzi ekrelekrele.
Imitha yamanzi ekrelekrele
Imitha yamanzi ekrelekrele luhlobo olutsha lweemitha zamanzi ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bezixhobo zangoku ze-microelectronics, itekhnoloji yale sensor yanamhlanje kunye netekhnoloji ye-IC ekrelekrele yokulinganisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, ukuhambisa idatha yamanzi kunye nokuhlawula iiakhawunti. Xa kuthelekiswa nemitha yamanzi yemveli, enomsebenzi wokuqokelela kuphela kunye nokubonisa isikhombisi sokusetyenziswa kwamanzi, yinkqubela phambili enkulu.
Imitha yamanzi ekrelekrele inemisebenzi enamandla, efana nokuhlawulwa kwangaphambili, iialamu zebhalansi engonelanga, akukho kufundwa kwemitha ngesandla. Ngaphandle kokurekhoda kunye nokubonisa ngombane ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, inokulawula nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngokwesivumelwano, kwaye igqibezele ukubala kwentlawulo yamanzi ngexabiso lamanzi, kwaye inokugcina idatha yamanzi ngaxeshanye.
HAYI.3 Ukwahlulahlula iipropathi zemitha zamanzi
Ihlelwe njengemisebenzi.
imitha yamanzi oluntu kunye nemitha yamanzi emizi mveliso.
Ngobushushu
Yahlulwe ngamanzi emitha ebandayo kunye nemitha yamanzi ashushu.
Ngokobushushu obuphakathi, inokwahlulwa ibe yimitha yamanzi abandayo kunye nemitha yamanzi ashushu
(1) Imitha ebandayo yamanzi: iqondo lobushushu elisezantsi eliphakathi ngu-0 ℃ kunye nobushushu obuphezulu be-30 ℃.
(2) Imitha yamanzi ashushu: imitha yamanzi enobushushu obuphakathi obuphakathi obuyi-30 ℃ kunye nomda ophezulu we-90 ℃ okanye i-130 ℃ okanye i-180 ℃.
Iimfuno zamazwe ahlukeneyo zahlukile kancinane, amanye amazwe anokufikelela kumda ophezulu wama-50 degrees celcius.
Ngoxinzelelo
Yahlulahlulwe yaba yimitha yamanzi aqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lweemitha zamanzi.
Ngokwexinzelelo olusetyenzisiweyo, inokwahlulahlulwa ibe yimitha yamanzi aqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lweemitha zamanzi. E-China, uxinzelelo olubizwa ngokuba yimitha yamanzi aqhelekileyo ngokubanzi yi-1MPa. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lweemitha zamanzi luhlobo lweemitha zamanzi kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lokusebenza ngaphezulu kwe-1MPa. Isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa inaliti yamanzi engaphantsi komhlaba kunye namanye amanzi asemashishini ahamba ngemibhobho.
Hayi. 4 Ukufundwa kwemitha yamanzi.
Iyunithi yokulinganisa ubungakanani bemitha yamanzi yi-cubic meter (M3). Ubalo lokufundwa kwemitha luya kurekhodwa kwinani elipheleleyo leemitha zekyubhi, kwaye i-mantissa ingaphantsi kwe-1 cubic meter iya kubandakanywa kumjikelo olandelayo.
Isikhombisi siboniswe ngemibala eyahlukeneyo. Abo banexabiso lokwahlula ngaphezulu okanye elilingana ne-1 cubic meter abamnyama kwaye kufuneka bafundwe. Ezo zingaphantsi kwe-1 cubic meter zonke zibomvu. Olu fundo alufuneki.
NO.5 Ngaba sinokulungiswa imitha yamanzi?
Nayiphi na imitha yamanzi phambi kweengxaki ezingaqhelekanga, ayinakuqhekezwa kwaye ilungiswe ngaphandle kwemvume, abasebenzisi banokukhalaza ngokuthe ngqo kwiofisi yeshishini lenkampani yamanzi, kwaye bathumele abasebenzi ukuba bayokulungisa kunye nenkampani yamanzi.
Ixesha Post: Dec-25-2020